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My debugger didn't catch that actually — Jim Slatten. JimSlatten even better than a debugger would be to turn on all warnings in your compiler, this would show up at compile time thus no need to debug. JimSlatten It might not "catch" that, but if you step through the code line by line then you would have seen input changing value and entering the code block even if input wasn't before.

JoachimPileborg: Learning to use a debugger is an acquired skill, and experienced developers aren't even aware anymore that they have that skill. We have a mental model of what the variables should be, which branches should be taken, and compare that to what the debugger shows. Joachim found the first problem, this code is always executed and overwrite input with MSalters MSalters k 8 8 gold badges silver badges bronze badges.

Posting code without any explanation isn't welcome here. Would you please edit your post? This is my first answer,I dont know that.

Now i will edit — Thrishool MSM. Hardik Hariyani Hardik Hariyani 1. Rik Rik 1, 2 2 gold badges 20 20 silver badges 30 30 bronze badges. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Does ES6 make JavaScript frameworks obsolete? Podcast Do polyglots have an edge when it comes to mastering programming Featured on Meta. Now live: A fully responsive profile.

Linked Related The rim is different from the previous one by being more vertical, the groove between the rim and the neck is visible, but the interior of the rim is less irregular. Analogies: Topraichioi, Tomis It dates to the end of the 4th century AD.

TT , S. The rim is funnel-shaped, delimited from the neck by a deep groove. At the interior, usually we can observe a big concavity followed by ribs. It is dated to the middle of the 5th century AD.

The last subtype is dated to the second half of the 6th century AD and is characterized by a decrease in the rim diameter and the height of the rim. The rim is separated from the neck by a small groove, and the interior preserves a deep groove so the lid of the vessel can be well-attached.

Analogies: Halmyris,. Pontic — Zeest The Nord Aegean amphorae are represented by fragments of Zeest 80 type, which are supposed to be used for olive oil.

The examples found at Tropaeum Traiani are very small sherds, which belong to two upper parts, one base, and other four separated handles. This type has a truncated conical rim with a small concavity on top.

The handles are massive with grooves on the top. In the late Roman period, it seems that this type was distributed in the Black Sea area and for this reason has initially been suggested an origin in this region However, recently, A. The early Roman subtype seems to reach a more expanded area.

The examples from Tropaeum Traiani can be dated in the second half of the 5th century AD. North African Amphorae. The North African amphorae which may have been used for olive oil are represented by two different types. The height of the rim is small, measuring only 3 cm. At the exterior and interior, it has a concavity.

Under the rim we can observe a deep groove. The second variant INV. The sherd is very fragmentary but the fabric is typical for this type, being pinkish, with yellow cream skin. Analogies: Tomis, Kerch This is conical and thickened at the middle height of it.

Analogies: Dinogetia, Tomis, Nora In spite of the reduced dimensions of this sector, localized in the vicinity of a Christian church, there was found a large number of amphorae Pl. Regarding the wine imports, there are six areas which exported this. The presence of the eight different types of wine amphorae Pl. LRA 1 type was the most predominant wine container not only from this excavation but also from the whole province of Scythia The other important commercial axes come from the south Pontic area, dominated by the Sinopean workshops and some unidentified ones.

This region has a long tradition of exporting wine to the Lower Danube territory from the 1st century until the beginning of the 7th century AD. The identification of the latest types of south Pontic amphorae at Tropaeum Traiani represents an important facet of the late Roman economy. These amphorae were transported not only through the cabotage, but they reached also the inner settlements, on the land routes.

However, given the location of the investigated sector, the idea that church representatives were involved in such a trade, as evidenced by the presence of LRA 4 amphorae, cannot be totally rejected.

The latter is recognized in the literature as coming from the holy land and as part of an ecclesiastical trade In ancient sources this wine from the Palestinian area gazition was recognized not only for its taste qualities but also because it was considered to be used in the Church in religious ceremonies services and for its medicinal properties. The LRA 2 amphora type is the predominant olive oil Pl.

This territory, highly militarized, received special attention from the central authority by sending a large quantity of olive oil to the soldiers attached to the frontiers. Dinogetia, Noviodunum, Aegyssus, Halmyris The presence of this amphorae type is not recorded only on this sector but also in other excavated areas of the city, a fact which demonstrates the constant care of the central authority for this region from the 4th century until the 7th century, even if the olive oil arrived also from North Africa and the North Aegean region.

The presence of all these amphora types allows us to consider the existence of a multitude types of commerce. The one conducted by the state, through annona, bringing along the most predominant types like LRA 1 and LRA 2, which does not allow us to exclude the possibility of a military presence at Tropaeum Traiani. Another type of commerce was certainly the one conducted by the private traders, allowing us to comprehend the taste of the soldiers and the elites.

In the end, the active involvement of the church in sending goods to the province at a time of great distress is not excluded. From a statistical point of view, taking into consideration only the rim fragments Pl. Transforming this number of rim fragments into capacities, the results are quite interesting. The amphorae produced in the oriental basin of the Mediterranean Sea reached the provinces of the Lower Danube area through the port towns on the western coast of the Black Sea. Indirectly, this study demonstrates the commercial relations of the settlements from the Lower Danube region with the rest of the Roman world and improves our current understanding of different commodities circulation and distribution during Late Antiquity.

Akrivopoulou, Slampeas — S. Akrivopoulou, P. Poulou-Papadimitriou, E. Nodarou, V. Archaeology and archaeometry. Baumann — V. Barnea — I. Dacia NS 10, , p. Barnea, Barnea — I. Barnea, A. II, p. MCA 10, , p. MCA 11, , p. Bezeczky et alii — T. Bezeczky, P. Millet, H. Cesteros, New research on the Castrum villa, on the island of Brijuni Croatia. Preliminary report, in: S. Demesticha ed. Seaborne trade and the distribution of Roman Amphorae in the Mediterranean, Uppsala, , p. Biernacki, Klenina — A.

Biernacki, E. Bjelajac — L. Bjelajac, Amfore gornjo mezijskog podunavlja,. Monographs of the Archaeological Institut 30, Beograd, Stratigrafia, in: I.

Barnea coord. Barnea, I. Papuc, Tropaeum Traiani. Bonifay — M. Baratte, V. Bonifay, Que transportaient donc les amphores africaines? Papi ed.

Bonifay, IV. Beaudry, A. Berthon, M. Bonifay, J. Cantuel, Y. Cerova, P. Chevalier, E. Hobdari, A. Islami, T. Kozelj, S. Raynaud, M. Bonifay, Leffy — M. Bonifay, R. Pontica 21— 22, — , p. Carsana, Del Vecchio — V. Carsana, F. Del Vecchio, Le anfore di V secolo d. Dixneuf ed. Late Roman coarse wares, cooking wares and amphorae in the Mediterranean.

Conrad — S. Bottger, D. Stancev eds , Iatrus-Krivina VI. Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen — , Limesforschungen 28, , Mainz, p.

Doksanalth — E. Preliminary Remarks on the Amphorae, Skyllis 18, , 2, p. Ferrazzoli, Ricci — A. Ferrazzoli, M. Gli impianti, le anfore,. Menchelli, S. Santoro, M. Pasquinucci and G. Guiducci eds ,.

LRCW 3. Ionescu, F. Report on the archaeological campaign at the north-west gate, Pontica 50, , p. Report on the — archaeological campaign at the north-west gate II , Pontica 51, , p.

Hayes — J. The Pottery, Oxford, Heath et alii — S. Heath, J. Rife, J. Bravo III, G. Hristov — I. You can also subtract numbers from each other by placing a symbol with a smaller value to the left of one with a larger value. The value of the smaller symbol is subtracted from that of the larger symbol to get the total value, so IV is 5 — 1, or 4.

The subtractive principle has a few specific limitations. For instance, a numeral can only be placed in front of the two numerals that are closest to it in the Roman numeral system. That is, I can only be placed before V e. Further, you can only place one smaller numeral in front of a larger one for subtractive purposes. Use a bar over each symbol to multiply it by 1, For example, an X with a line over it is 10, , while an M with a line over it means 1,, Roman numerals are often used in royal titles.

This is customary when there have been more than one rulers with the same name in the history of a given country. This differentiates her from the first Queen Elizabeth, who ruled during the mid- to lates.



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